Wen HS, Li X, Cao YZ, Zhang CC, Yang F, Shi YM, Peng LM. Clinical Studies on the Treatment of Cancer Cachexia with Megestrol Acetate plus Thalidomide. Chemotherapy. 2013 Feb 7;58(6):461-467. [Epub ahead of print]
リサーチクエスチョンは以下の通りです。
P:がん悪液質・食欲不振患者102人に
I:酢酸メゲストロール160mg1日2回+サリドマイド50mg1日2回を8週間経口投与すると
C:酢酸メゲストロール160mg1日2回のみと比較して
O:がん悪液質が改善する
D:RCT
結果ですが両群で比較すると、一次アウトカムでは体重、疲労、QOLが介入群で有意に改善しました。二次アウトカムでは握力、Glasgow Prognostic Score、機能状態、IL-6、TNF-αが有意に改善しました。
毒性は両群とも比較的少なかったです。以上より酢酸メゲストロール単独でも前後比較では体重と食欲が改善しますが、酢酸メゲストロールとサリドマイドを併用するほうがよりがん悪液質が改善するという結論です。
酢酸メゲストロール、サリドマイドとも日本では通常の臨床で使用できない薬剤です。がん悪液質に対しては薬物療法だけでなく、栄養療法や抗炎症作用としての運動療法も重要ですが、副作用に配慮しながらより多くの薬物療法を臨床現場で使えるようになるといいですね。
Abstract
Background: The management of cancer-related anorexia/cachexia syndrome (CACS) is a great challenge in clinical practice. To date, practice guidelines for the prevention and treatment of CACS are lacking. The authors conducted a randomized study to confirm the effectiveness and safety of treatment of CACS utilizing megestrol acetate (MA) plus thalidomide. Methods: One hundred and two candidates with CACS were randomly assigned to two treatment groups (trial group and control group): the trial group received MA (160 mg po, bid) plus thalidomide (50 mg po, bid), while the control group received MA (160 mg po, bid) alone. Treatment duration was 8 weeks. Results: Analysis of the trial group demonstrated a significant increase from baseline in body weight, quality of life (p = 0.02), appetite (p = 0.01), and grip strength (p = 0.01), and a significant decrease in fatigue, Glasgow Prognostic Score (p = 0.05), Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status (p = 0.03), IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α (p = 0.02). In contrast, in the control group, endpoints with a significant improvement from baseline included body weight and appetite (p = 0.02). The mean changes in the endpoints from baseline in the trial group were significantly greater compared with the control group: in the primary endpoints, body weight (p = 0.05), fatigue and quality of life (p = 0.01), and in the secondary endpoints, grip strength (p = 0.05), Glasgow Prognostic Score (p = 0.02), Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status (p = 0.02), IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α (p = 0.01). Toxicity was found to be relatively negligible in both groups. Conclusion: A combination regimen of MA and thalidomide is more effective than MA alone in the treatment of CACS.
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