筋トレ＋魚油で筋力と身体機能改善

筋トレに魚油摂取を併用すると高齢女性では筋力と身体機能がより改善するというRCTを紹介します。

Rodacki CL, Rodacki AL, Pereira G, Naliwaiko K, Coelho I, Pequito D, Fernandes LC. Fish-oil supplementation enhances the effects of strength training in elderly women. Am J Clin Nutr. 2012 Feb;95(2):428-36.

リサーチクエスチョンは以下の通りです。

P：高齢女性（平均年齢64歳）が
I：筋トレに魚油1日2g摂取を3ヶ月間、併用すると
C：筋トレのみの場合と比較して
O：筋力と身体機能が改善する
D：ランダム化比較試験

抄録しか読めていないので、筋トレの頻度・強度は不明です。魚油摂取群は、90日間摂取群と150日間摂取群（筋トレ60日前から開始）にさらに分かれています。結果ですが、3群とも筋トレ前後で筋力は増加しました。しかし、魚油摂取群でより筋力と身体機能が向上しました。

筋肉量を評価していないので、サルコペニアが魚油摂取で改善したかどうかは不明です。また栄養状態がどうなのかもわかりません（おそらく明らかな低栄養やサルコペニアは認めない方たちが対象だと思いますが）。

しかし、筋力と身体機能がより増加するというのは意味あると思います。魚油摂取単独で筋力と身体機能が改善するとは考えにくいですが、筋トレに魚油摂取を併用するのは高齢女性ではよいかもしれません。サルコペニアの方でも男性を含めて同様な結果が得られるかを知りたいですね。

Abstract

BACKGROUND:

Muscle force and functional capacity generally decrease with aging in the older population, although this effect can be reversed, attenuated, or both through strength training. Fish oil (FO), which is rich in n-3 (omega-3) PUFAs, has been shown to play a role in the plasma membrane and cell function of muscles, which may enhance the benefits of training. The effect of strength training and FO supplementation on the neuromuscular system of the elderly has not been investigated.

OBJECTIVE:

The objective was to investigate the chronic effect of FO supplementation and strength training on the neuromuscular system (muscle strength and functional capacity) of older women.

DESIGN:

Forty-five women (aged 64 ± 1.4 y) were randomly assigned to 3 groups. One group performed strength training only (ST group) for 90 d, whereas the others performed the same strength-training program and received FO supplementation (2 g/d) for 90 d (ST90 group) or for 150 d (ST150 group; supplemented 60 d before training). Muscle strength and functional capacity were assessed before and after the training period.

RESULTS:

No differences in the pretraining period were found between groups for any of the variables. The peak torque and rate of torque development for all muscles (knee flexor and extensor, plantar and dorsiflexor) increased from pre- to posttraining in all groups. However, the effect was greater in the ST90 and ST150 groups than in the ST group. The activation level and electromechanical delay of the muscles changed from pre- to posttraining only for the ST90 and ST150 groups. Chair-rising performance in the FO groups was higher than in the ST group.

CONCLUSIONS:

Strength training increased muscle strength in elderly women. The inclusion of FO supplementation caused greater improvements in muscle strength and functional capacity.