メキシコシティのサルコペニアの有病割合

メキシコシティのサルコペニアの有病割合をみた論文です。

V.E. Arango-Loperaa, P. Arroyob,　L.M. Gutiérrez-Robledoc, M.U. Pérez-Zepedab: Prevalence of sarcopenia in Mexico City. European Geriatric Medicine, Available online 20 January 2012 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurger.2011.12.001

http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1878764911002531

地域在住の70歳以上の高齢者345人を対象に、EWGSOPのアルゴリズムを用いて、サルコペニアの有無を診断しています。アルゴリズムはこちらを参照してください。筋肉量低下を「下腿周囲長31cm以下」で判断していることが参考になります。筋力は握力、身体機能は歩行速度で評価しています。

筋肉量低下を「下腿周囲長31cm以下」で判断した根拠は、以下の論文です。

Y. Rolland, V. Lauwers-Cances, M. Cournot, F. Nourhashemi, W. Reynish, D. Riviere et al:
Sarcopenia, calf circumference, and physical function of elderly women: a cross-sectional study. J Am Geriatr Soc, 51 (8) (2003), pp. 1120–1124

結果ですが、116人 (33.6%)がサルコペニアでした。80歳以上では50.4％にサルコペニアを認めました。サルコペニア肥満は5人（1.4％）と少なく、重症サルコペニア（筋肉量低下、筋力低下、身体機能低下の3項目とも該当する場合）は94人(27.2%)でした。

日本でサルコペニアの有病割合を調査するときに筋肉量低下を「下腿周囲長31cm以下」で判断してよいのかどうかは賛否両論かもしれません。私はサルコペニアの可能性を疑うためにはこの基準でもよいと感じていますが、日本人の上腕筋面積の95パーセンタイル値のほうが正確かもしれません。

Abstract
Sarcopenia is an increasingly recognized problem in the elderly. Recently an algorithm to detect this condition was developed. The aim of our study was to determine the prevalence of sarcopenia in a group of elderly in Mexico City, using the European Wording Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP) algorithm. A cross-sectional assessment of community dwelling elderly was performed in a sample of 345 subjects, who were 70 years or older, during the year of 2008. The data was gathered by a group of standardized interviewers. In order to determine sarcopenia, muscle mass, muscle strength and physical performance were obtained from database. Muscle mass was measured by means of calf circumference, muscle strength by grip strength and physical performance by gait speed. Cut-points suggested in the EWGSOP algorithm of sarcopenia detection (ASD) were used. A total number of 116 (33.6%) subjects were detected as sarcopenic, 75 (48.5%) women and 41 (27.4%) men; with a greater prevalence in 80-year or older subjects (50.4%). Sarcopenic obesity was found in five subjects (1.4%), moderate sarcopenia in 21 subjects (6%) and severe sarcopenia in 94 subjects (27.2%). The ASD of the EWGSOP is a useful tool for detecting sarcopenia prevalence; the frequency in our population was similar to other reports using other methodology.