Sarcobesity：サルコペニア肥満

Sarcobesity（サルコペニア肥満）のレビュー論文を紹介します。

Evelyn B. Parr, Vernon G. Coffey, John A. Hawley. ‘Sarcobesity’: A metabolic conundrum. Maturitas, doi:10.1016/j.maturitas.2012.10.014

内容的には、他のサルコペニア肥満のレビュー論文と大差ありません。治療としては運動療法（レジスタンストレーニングと有酸素運動）と食事療法（軽度のエネルギー制限と高蛋白食）による介入が重要です。

この論文の特徴は、サルコペニア肥満をSarcopenic ObesityではなくSarcobesityという造語で示したことだけかもしれません。確かにSarcobesityのほうが言いやすいですが、日本では「サルコペニア肥満」で普及しそうです。

Abstract

Two independent but inter-related conditions that have a growing impact on healthy life expectancy and health care costs in developed nations are an age-related loss of muscle mass (i.e., sarcopenia) and obesity. Sarcopenia is commonly exacerbated in overweight and obese individuals. Progression towards obesity promotes an increase in fat mass and a concomitant decrease in muscle mass, producing an unfavourable ratio of fat to muscle. The coexistence of diminished muscle mass and increased fat mass (so-called ‘sarcobesity’) is ultimately manifested by impaired mobility and/or development of life-style-related diseases. Accordingly, the critical health issue for a large proportion of adults in developed nations is how to lose fat mass while preserving muscle mass. Lifestyle interventions to prevent or treat sarcobesity include exercise and energy-restricted diets. The optimal energy deficit to reduce body mass is controversial. While energy restriction in isolation is an effective short-term strategy for rapid and substantial weight loss, it results in a reduction of both fat and muscle mass and therefore ultimately predisposes one to an unfavourable body composition. Aerobic exercise promotes beneficial changes in whole-body metabolism and reduces fat mass, while resistance exercise preserves lean (muscle) mass. Current evidence strongly supports the inclusion of resistance and aerobic exercise to complement mild energy-restricted high-protein diets for healthy weight loss as a primary intervention for sarcobesity.