Muscle wasting disease：筋消耗性疾患

Muscle wasting disease(筋消耗性疾患)という新しい疾患概念の提言に関する論文を紹介します。

Stefan D. Anker, et al. Muscle wasting disease: a proposal for a new disease. Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle, doi:10.1007/s13539-014-0135-0

定義としては従来のミオペニアや広義のサルコペニアに近いです。急性疾患、慢性疾患どちらにも使用できますし、サルコペニア、悪液質、消耗性疾患どれにも使用できます。まず急性か慢性かで分類し、慢性の場合には次に原因疾患と重症度で分類します。

原因疾患には、がん、慢性腎不全、慢性心不全、慢性閉塞性肺疾患、神経筋疾患、慢性感染、加齢（サルコペニア）、多疾患の合併、代謝性疾患関連疾患があります。重症度には軽度、中等度（前悪液質）、重度（悪液質）があります。

まずはMuscle wasting disease(筋消耗性疾患)と診断して、その原因を何かと考えるスタンスのようです。ただ診断基準の記載はなく、今後の会議で修正、変更して行くそうです。こういった用語ができたことだけ知っておけばよいかなと思います。

Muscle wasting and cachexia are the ultimate consequence of aging and a variety of acute and chronic illnesses. Significant efforts are made by many stakeholders to develop effective therapies. An important aspect of successful therapeutic development research is a common nomenclature for effective communication between researchers and clinicians, to the public, and also with regulatory bodies. Despite several efforts to develop consensus definitions for cachexia and sarcopenia, including such new terms for muscle wasting as myopenia, a common conceptual approach and acceptable vocabulary and classification system are yet to be established. Notwithstanding the potential need to translate such disease definitions and terminologies into different languages, we advocate the use of the term “muscle wasting” as the unifying entity that represents the single most common disease process across a large spectrum of cachexia and in sarcopenia-associated disorders. In this paper, we outline a first proposal for the disease nomenclature and classification of “Muscle Wasting Diseases.” This concept can be applied in acute and chronic disease settings. It is pertinent for wasting diseases, cachexia, and sarcopenia of any severity and due to any underlying illness. The concept of muscle wasting disease underscores the most common denominator of the underlying wasting processes, i.e., muscle wasting, without ignoring the advanced disease states that are also accompanied by fat tissue wasting. The term muscle wasting disease is easily understood by both the scientific community and the lay public. This may promote its general use and efforts to heighten education and awareness in the field.