日本の簡易なサルコペニアスクリーニング

高齢者の簡易なサルコペニアスクリーニングに関する日本の論文を紹介します。

Ishii S, Tanaka T, Shibasaki K, Ouchi Y, Kikutani T, Higashiguchi T, Obuchi SP, Ishikawa-Takata K, Hirano H, Kawai H, Tsuji T, Iijima K. Development of a simple screening test for sarcopenia in older adults. Geriatr Gerontol Int. 2014 Feb;14 Suppl 1:93-101. doi: 10.1111/ggi.12197.

下記HPで全文PDFで入手できます。
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/ggi.12197/pdf

結論だけ触れますが、年齢、握力、下腿周囲長の3項目で男女別にサルコペニアのスクリーニングが可能です。スコアリングでサルコペニアの確率を判断する方法ですが、在宅や施設では検査機器で筋肉量を評価するよりよいのではと感じます。

Abstract

AIM:

To develop a simple screening test to identify older adults at high risk for sarcopenia.

METHODS:

We studied 1971 functionally independent, community-dwelling adults aged 65 years or older randomly selected from the resident register of Kashiwa city, Chiba, Japan. Data collection was carried out between September and November 2012. Sarcopenia was defined based on low muscle mass measured by bioimpedance analysis and either low muscle strength characterized by handgrip or low physical performance characterized by slow gait speed.

RESULTS:

The prevalence of sarcopenia was 14.2% in men and 22.1% in women. After the variable selection procedure, the final model to estimate the probability of sarcopenia included three variables: age, grip strength and calf circumference. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve, a measure of discrimination, of the final model was 0.939 with 95% confidence interval (CI) of 0.918-0.958 for men, and 0.909 with 95% CI of 0.887-0.931 for women. We created a score chart for each sex based on the final model. When the sum of sensitivity and specificity was maximized, sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values for sarcopenia were 84.9%, 88.2%, 54.4%, and 97.2% for men, 75.5%, 92.0%, 72.8%, and 93.0% for women, respectively.

CONCLUSIONS:

The presence of sarcopenia could be detected using three easily obtainable variables with high accuracy. The screening test we developed could help identify functionally independent older adults with sarcopenia who are good candidates for intervention.