サルコペニアに対する生涯的アプローチ

今日は、5th Cachexia Conferenceの資料の中から、サルコペニアに対する生涯的アプローチの抄録を紹介します。

http://www.lms-events.com/19/5th_Cachexia_Conference_2009_Abstracts.pdf

骨密度、骨粗鬆症と同じ考えですが、10代、20代のうちになるべく筋肉量、筋力を高めておくことで、老年期になって減少してきたとしても筋肉量、筋力をより多い状態で保っておくという考え方が徐々に広まっています。

30代以降からレジスタンストレーニングを行うことも、もちろん無駄ではありません。ただ、筋肉量、筋力がより増えやすいのは成長発育の時期や20代といえます。

私が10代から20代の頃は、ボディビルディングよりもブレインビルディングのほうが大事だと思い、あまり運動はしないで勉強と遊び中心の生活をしていました。今思うと、ボディビルディングとブレインビルディングの両方とも大事だったということです。

今もボディビルディングといえるようなことは全くしていませんが、可能な範囲でサルコペニアの予防の意味も兼ねてレジスタンストレーニングを行うように心がけています。皆さんにもできる範囲でレジスタンストレーニングを行うことをおすすめします。

A life course approach to sarcopenia
Avan Aihie Sayer
University of Southhampton, UK

Sarcopenia is defined as the loss of skeletal muscle mass and strength with age. It is a common condition and although there is considerable debate about how it should best be characterised, there is increasing recognition of the serious health consequences both in terms of disability, morbidity and mortality, and in terms of significant healthcare costs. Adult determinants of sarcopenia including physical activity, endocrine function, cytokine levels, nutritional intake and genetic influences have been well described. However there remains considerable unexplained variation in muscle mass and strength between older individuals which might be partly explained by the observation that muscle mass and strength in later life reflect not only the rate of loss but also the peak attained earlier in life1.

To date most observational and interventional epidemiological studies of sarcopenia have focused on factors modifying decline in later life but a life course approach to understanding sarcopenia additionally focuses attention on the determinants of peak muscle mass and strength attained in early adulthood and their long-term consequences2. This would be consistent with current understanding of the developmental origins of a number of age-related diseases including osteoporosis, type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease3. Birth cohorts such as the Hertfordshire Cohort Study are an invaluable resource for research in this area4.

References:
1. Sayer AA, Syddall HE, Martin H, Patel H, Baylis D, Cooper C. The developmental origins of sarcopenia.
J Nutr Health Ageing 2008;12:427-432.
2. Syddall HE, Gilbody HJ, Dennison EM, Cooper C. Does sarcopenia originate in early life ? Findings from the Hertfordshire Cohort Study. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2004;59(9):M930-4.
3. Gluckman PD, Hanson MA, Cooper C, Thornburg KL. Effect of in utero and early-life conditions on adult health and disease. N Engl J Med 2008;359(1):61-73.
4. Syddall HE, Aihie Sayer A, Dennison EM, Martin HJ, Barker DJ, Cooper C. Cohort Profile : The Hertfordshire Cohort Study. Int J Epidemiology 2005; 34(6):1234-42.