高齢者の呼吸筋のリハ

古いですが、高齢者の呼吸筋のリハに関するレビュー論文を紹介します。

Kim J, Sapienza CM. Implications of expiratory muscle strength training for rehabilitation of the elderly: Tutorial. J Rehabil Res Dev. 2005 Mar-Apr;42(2):211-24.

下記HPで全文見ることができます。

http://www.rehab.research.va.gov/jour/05/42/2/Kim.html

呼吸筋・呼吸機能のサルコペニアに関する研究はあまり行われていないとありますが、これは現在でも当てはまります。呼吸筋の筋トレの有効性に関する記載が中心です。加齢による呼吸筋のサルコペニアであれば筋トレが有用ですが、活動・栄養・疾患による呼吸筋のサルコペニアであればリハ栄養が重要です。

Abstract

With age, physical functions decline, which influences respiratory performance. One of the physical changes associated with aging is sarcopenia, a reduction in muscle strength and power. Sarcopenia has been extensively studied in the elderly with regard to limb function but less with regard to respiratory function. Elderly individuals experience reduced muscle mass and strength in respiratory musculature, which may hinder the ability to generate adequate expiratory driving force for both ventilatory and nonventilatory activities. Increasing expiratory muscle strength may enhance an elderly individual's ability to generate and maintain the expiratory driving force critical to cough, speak, and swallow. Previous studies demonstrate that expiratory muscle strength training (EMST) improves ventilatory and nonventilatory functions. This paper discusses the potential impact that EMST can have on the rehabilitation of respiratory muscle decline, particularly in the elderly. This tutorial reviews an EMST paradigm, its physiological underpinnings, and its potential outcomes.